1 /* 2 * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project 3 * 4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 #include "ext4_utils.h" 18 #include "allocate.h" 19 #include "contents.h" 20 #include "uuid.h" 21 #include "wipe.h" 22 23 #include <sparse/sparse.h> 24 25 #include <assert.h> 26 #include <dirent.h> 27 #include <fcntl.h> 28 #include <inttypes.h> 29 #include <libgen.h> 30 #include <stdio.h> 31 #include <stdlib.h> 32 #include <string.h> 33 #include <unistd.h> 34 #include <sys/stat.h> 35 #include <sys/types.h> 36 #include <locale.h> 37 38 /* TODO: Not implemented: 39 Allocating blocks in the same block group as the file inode 40 Hash or binary tree directories 41 */ 42 43 static int filter_dot(const struct dirent *d) 44 { 45 return (strcmp(d->d_name, "..") && strcmp(d->d_name, ".")); 46 } 47 48 static u32 build_default_directory_structure(time_t fixed_time) 49 { 50 u32 inode; 51 u32 root_inode; 52 struct dentry dentries = { 53 .filename = "lost+found", 54 .file_type = EXT4_FT_DIR, 55 .mode = S_IRWXU, 56 .uid = 0, 57 .gid = 0, 58 .mtime = (fixed_time != -1) ? fixed_time : 0, 59 }; 60 root_inode = make_directory(0, 1, &dentries, 1); 61 inode = make_directory(root_inode, 0, NULL, 0); 62 *dentries.inode = inode; 63 inode_set_permissions(inode, dentries.mode, 64 dentries.uid, dentries.gid, dentries.mtime); 65 66 return root_inode; 67 } 68 69 /* Read a local directory and create the same tree in the generated filesystem. 70 Calls itself recursively with each directory in the given directory. 71 full_path is an absolute or relative path, with a trailing slash, to the 72 directory on disk that should be copied, or NULL if this is a directory 73 that does not exist on disk (e.g. lost+found). 74 dir_path is an absolute path, with trailing slash, to the same directory 75 if the image were mounted at the specified mount point */ 76 static u32 build_directory_structure(const char *full_path, const char *dir_path, 77 u32 dir_inode, fs_config_func_t fs_config_func, 78 int verbose, time_t fixed_time) 79 { 80 int entries = 0; 81 struct dentry *dentries; 82 struct dirent **namelist = NULL; 83 struct stat stat; 84 int ret; 85 int i; 86 u32 inode; 87 u32 entry_inode; 88 u32 dirs = 0; 89 bool needs_lost_and_found = false; 90 91 /* alphasort is locale-dependent; let's fix the locale to some sane value */ 92 setlocale(LC_COLLATE, "C"); 93 94 if (full_path) { 95 entries = scandir(full_path, &namelist, filter_dot, (void*)alphasort); 96 if (entries < 0) { 97 #ifdef __GLIBC__ 98 /* The scandir function implemented in glibc has a bug that makes it 99 erroneously fail with ENOMEM under certain circumstances. 100 As a workaround we can retry the scandir call with the same arguments. 101 GLIBC BZ: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=17804 */ 102 if (errno == ENOMEM) 103 entries = scandir(full_path, &namelist, filter_dot, (void*)alphasort); 104 #endif 105 if (entries < 0) { 106 error_errno("scandir"); 107 return EXT4_ALLOCATE_FAILED; 108 } 109 } 110 } 111 112 if (dir_inode == 0) { 113 /* root directory, check if lost+found already exists */ 114 for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) 115 if (strcmp(namelist[i]->d_name, "lost+found") == 0) 116 break; 117 if (i == entries) 118 needs_lost_and_found = true; 119 } 120 121 dentries = calloc(entries, sizeof(struct dentry)); 122 if (dentries == NULL) 123 critical_error_errno("malloc"); 124 125 for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) { 126 dentries[i].filename = strdup(namelist[i]->d_name); 127 if (dentries[i].filename == NULL) 128 critical_error_errno("strdup"); 129 130 asprintf(&dentries[i].path, "%s%s", dir_path, namelist[i]->d_name); 131 asprintf(&dentries[i].full_path, "%s%s", full_path, namelist[i]->d_name); 132 133 free(namelist[i]); 134 135 ret = lstat(dentries[i].full_path, &stat); 136 if (ret < 0) { 137 error_errno("lstat"); 138 i--; 139 entries--; 140 continue; 141 } 142 143 dentries[i].size = stat.st_size; 144 dentries[i].mode = stat.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_ISVTX|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO); 145 if (fixed_time == -1) { 146 dentries[i].mtime = stat.st_mtime; 147 } else { 148 dentries[i].mtime = fixed_time; 149 } 150 uint64_t capabilities; 151 if (fs_config_func != NULL) { 152 unsigned int mode = 0; 153 unsigned int uid = 0; 154 unsigned int gid = 0; 155 int dir = S_ISDIR(stat.st_mode); 156 if (fs_config_func(dentries[i].path, dir, &uid, &gid, &mode, &capabilities)) { 157 dentries[i].mode = mode; 158 dentries[i].uid = uid; 159 dentries[i].gid = gid; 160 dentries[i].capabilities = capabilities; 161 } 162 } 163 164 if (S_ISREG(stat.st_mode)) { 165 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_REG_FILE; 166 } else if (S_ISDIR(stat.st_mode)) { 167 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_DIR; 168 dirs++; 169 } else if (S_ISCHR(stat.st_mode)) { 170 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_CHRDEV; 171 } else if (S_ISBLK(stat.st_mode)) { 172 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_BLKDEV; 173 } else if (S_ISFIFO(stat.st_mode)) { 174 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_FIFO; 175 } else if (S_ISSOCK(stat.st_mode)) { 176 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_SOCK; 177 } else if (S_ISLNK(stat.st_mode)) { 178 dentries[i].file_type = EXT4_FT_SYMLINK; 179 dentries[i].link = calloc(info.block_size, 1); 180 readlink(dentries[i].full_path, dentries[i].link, info.block_size - 1); 181 } else { 182 error("unknown file type on %s", dentries[i].path); 183 i--; 184 entries--; 185 } 186 } 187 free(namelist); 188 189 if (needs_lost_and_found) { 190 /* insert a lost+found directory at the beginning of the dentries */ 191 struct dentry *tmp = calloc(entries + 1, sizeof(struct dentry)); 192 memset(tmp, 0, sizeof(struct dentry)); 193 memcpy(tmp + 1, dentries, entries * sizeof(struct dentry)); 194 dentries = tmp; 195 196 dentries[0].filename = strdup("lost+found"); 197 asprintf(&dentries[0].path, "%slost+found", dir_path); 198 dentries[0].full_path = NULL; 199 dentries[0].size = 0; 200 dentries[0].mode = S_IRWXU; 201 dentries[0].file_type = EXT4_FT_DIR; 202 dentries[0].uid = 0; 203 dentries[0].gid = 0; 204 entries++; 205 dirs++; 206 } 207 208 inode = make_directory(dir_inode, entries, dentries, dirs); 209 210 for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) { 211 if (dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_REG_FILE) { 212 entry_inode = make_file(dentries[i].full_path, dentries[i].size); 213 } else if (dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_DIR) { 214 char *subdir_full_path = NULL; 215 char *subdir_dir_path; 216 if (dentries[i].full_path) { 217 ret = asprintf(&subdir_full_path, "%s/", dentries[i].full_path); 218 if (ret < 0) 219 critical_error_errno("asprintf"); 220 } 221 ret = asprintf(&subdir_dir_path, "%s/", dentries[i].path); 222 if (ret < 0) 223 critical_error_errno("asprintf"); 224 entry_inode = build_directory_structure(subdir_full_path, 225 subdir_dir_path, inode, fs_config_func, verbose, fixed_time); 226 free(subdir_full_path); 227 free(subdir_dir_path); 228 } else if (dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_SYMLINK) { 229 entry_inode = make_link(dentries[i].link); 230 } else if (dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_CHRDEV || 231 dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_BLKDEV || 232 dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_SOCK || 233 dentries[i].file_type == EXT4_FT_FIFO) { 234 entry_inode = make_special(dentries[i].full_path); 235 } else { 236 error("unknown file type on %s", dentries[i].path); 237 entry_inode = 0; 238 } 239 *dentries[i].inode = entry_inode; 240 241 ret = inode_set_permissions(entry_inode, dentries[i].mode, 242 dentries[i].uid, dentries[i].gid, 243 dentries[i].mtime); 244 if (ret) 245 error("failed to set permissions on %s\n", dentries[i].path); 246 247 ret = inode_set_capabilities(entry_inode, dentries[i].capabilities); 248 if (ret) 249 error("failed to set capability on %s\n", dentries[i].path); 250 251 free(dentries[i].path); 252 free(dentries[i].full_path); 253 free(dentries[i].link); 254 free((void *)dentries[i].filename); 255 } 256 257 free(dentries); 258 return inode; 259 } 260 261 static u32 compute_block_size(void) 262 { 263 return 4096; 264 } 265 266 static u32 compute_journal_blocks(void) 267 { 268 u32 journal_blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(info.len, info.block_size) / 64; 269 if (journal_blocks < 1024) 270 journal_blocks = 1024; 271 if (journal_blocks > 32768) 272 journal_blocks = 32768; 273 return journal_blocks; 274 } 275 276 static u32 compute_blocks_per_group(void) 277 { 278 return info.block_size * 8; 279 } 280 281 static u32 compute_inodes(void) 282 { 283 return DIV_ROUND_UP(info.len, info.block_size) / 4; 284 } 285 286 static u32 compute_inodes_per_group(void) 287 { 288 u32 blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(info.len, info.block_size); 289 u32 block_groups = DIV_ROUND_UP(blocks, info.blocks_per_group); 290 u32 inodes = DIV_ROUND_UP(info.inodes, block_groups); 291 inodes = EXT4_ALIGN(inodes, (info.block_size / info.inode_size)); 292 293 /* After properly rounding up the number of inodes/group, 294 * make sure to update the total inodes field in the info struct. 295 */ 296 info.inodes = inodes * block_groups; 297 298 return inodes; 299 } 300 301 static u32 compute_bg_desc_reserve_blocks(void) 302 { 303 u32 blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(info.len, info.block_size); 304 u32 block_groups = DIV_ROUND_UP(blocks, info.blocks_per_group); 305 u32 bg_desc_blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(block_groups * sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc), 306 info.block_size); 307 308 u32 bg_desc_reserve_blocks = 309 DIV_ROUND_UP(block_groups * 1024 * sizeof(struct ext2_group_desc), 310 info.block_size) - bg_desc_blocks; 311 312 if (bg_desc_reserve_blocks > info.block_size / sizeof(u32)) 313 bg_desc_reserve_blocks = info.block_size / sizeof(u32); 314 315 return bg_desc_reserve_blocks; 316 } 317 318 /* return a newly-malloc'd string that is a copy of str. The new string 319 is guaranteed to have a trailing slash. If absolute is true, the new string 320 is also guaranteed to have a leading slash. 321 */ 322 static char *canonicalize_slashes(const char *str, bool absolute) 323 { 324 char *ret; 325 int len = strlen(str); 326 int newlen = len; 327 char *ptr; 328 329 if (len == 0) { 330 if (absolute) 331 return strdup("/"); 332 else 333 return strdup(""); 334 } 335 336 if (str[0] != '/' && absolute) { 337 newlen++; 338 } 339 if (str[len - 1] != '/') { 340 newlen++; 341 } 342 ret = malloc(newlen + 1); 343 if (!ret) { 344 critical_error("malloc"); 345 } 346 347 ptr = ret; 348 if (str[0] != '/' && absolute) { 349 *ptr++ = '/'; 350 } 351 352 strcpy(ptr, str); 353 ptr += len; 354 355 if (str[len - 1] != '/') { 356 *ptr++ = '/'; 357 } 358 359 if (ptr != ret + newlen) { 360 critical_error("assertion failed\n"); 361 } 362 363 *ptr = '\0'; 364 365 return ret; 366 } 367 368 static char *canonicalize_abs_slashes(const char *str) 369 { 370 return canonicalize_slashes(str, true); 371 } 372 373 static char *canonicalize_rel_slashes(const char *str) 374 { 375 return canonicalize_slashes(str, false); 376 } 377 378 int make_ext4fs_internal(int fd, const char *_directory, 379 fs_config_func_t fs_config_func, int gzip, 380 int sparse, int crc, int wipe, 381 int verbose, time_t fixed_time, 382 FILE* block_list_file) 383 { 384 u32 root_inode_num; 385 u16 root_mode; 386 char *directory = NULL; 387 388 if (setjmp(setjmp_env)) 389 return EXIT_FAILURE; /* Handle a call to longjmp() */ 390 391 if (_directory) 392 directory = canonicalize_rel_slashes(_directory); 393 394 if (info.len <= 0) 395 info.len = get_file_size(fd); 396 397 if (info.len <= 0) { 398 fprintf(stderr, "Need size of filesystem\n"); 399 return EXIT_FAILURE; 400 } 401 402 if (info.block_size <= 0) 403 info.block_size = compute_block_size(); 404 405 /* Round down the filesystem length to be a multiple of the block size */ 406 info.len &= ~((u64)info.block_size - 1); 407 408 if (info.journal_blocks == 0) 409 info.journal_blocks = compute_journal_blocks(); 410 411 if (info.no_journal == 0) 412 info.feat_compat = EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL; 413 else 414 info.journal_blocks = 0; 415 416 if (info.blocks_per_group <= 0) 417 info.blocks_per_group = compute_blocks_per_group(); 418 419 if (info.inodes <= 0) 420 info.inodes = compute_inodes(); 421 422 if (info.inode_size <= 0) 423 info.inode_size = 256; 424 425 if (info.label == NULL) 426 info.label = ""; 427 428 info.inodes_per_group = compute_inodes_per_group(); 429 430 info.feat_compat |= 431 EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE | 432 EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR; 433 434 info.feat_ro_compat |= 435 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER | 436 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE | 437 EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_GDT_CSUM; 438 439 info.feat_incompat |= 440 EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_EXTENTS | 441 EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE; 442 443 444 info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks = compute_bg_desc_reserve_blocks(); 445 446 printf("Creating filesystem with parameters:\n"); 447 printf(" Size: %"PRIu64"\n", info.len); 448 printf(" Block size: %d\n", info.block_size); 449 printf(" Blocks per group: %d\n", info.blocks_per_group); 450 printf(" Inodes per group: %d\n", info.inodes_per_group); 451 printf(" Inode size: %d\n", info.inode_size); 452 printf(" Journal blocks: %d\n", info.journal_blocks); 453 printf(" Label: %s\n", info.label); 454 455 ext4_create_fs_aux_info(); 456 457 printf(" Blocks: %"PRIu64"\n", aux_info.len_blocks); 458 printf(" Block groups: %d\n", aux_info.groups); 459 printf(" Reserved blocks: %"PRIu64"\n", (aux_info.len_blocks / 100) * info.reserve_pcnt); 460 printf(" Reserved block group size: %d\n", info.bg_desc_reserve_blocks); 461 462 ext4_sparse_file = sparse_file_new(info.block_size, info.len); 463 464 block_allocator_init(); 465 466 ext4_fill_in_sb(); 467 468 if (reserve_inodes(0, 10) == EXT4_ALLOCATE_FAILED) 469 error("failed to reserve first 10 inodes"); 470 471 if (info.feat_compat & EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL) 472 ext4_create_journal_inode(); 473 474 if (info.feat_compat & EXT4_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INODE) 475 ext4_create_resize_inode(); 476 477 if (directory) 478 root_inode_num = build_directory_structure(directory, "", 0, 479 fs_config_func, verbose, fixed_time); 480 else 481 root_inode_num = build_default_directory_structure(fixed_time); 482 483 root_mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH; 484 inode_set_permissions(root_inode_num, root_mode, 0, 0, 485 (fixed_time != 1) ? fixed_time : 0); 486 487 ext4_update_free(); 488 489 ext4_queue_sb(); 490 491 if (block_list_file) { 492 size_t dirlen = strlen(directory); 493 struct block_allocation* p = get_saved_allocation_chain(); 494 while (p) { 495 if (strncmp(p->filename, directory, dirlen) == 0) { 496 fprintf(block_list_file, "%s", p->filename + dirlen); 497 } else { 498 fprintf(block_list_file, "%s", p->filename); 499 } 500 print_blocks(block_list_file, p); 501 struct block_allocation* pn = p->next; 502 free_alloc(p); 503 p = pn; 504 } 505 } 506 507 printf("Created filesystem with %d/%d inodes and %d/%d blocks\n", 508 aux_info.sb->s_inodes_count - aux_info.sb->s_free_inodes_count, 509 aux_info.sb->s_inodes_count, 510 aux_info.sb->s_blocks_count_lo - aux_info.sb->s_free_blocks_count_lo, 511 aux_info.sb->s_blocks_count_lo); 512 513 if (wipe && WIPE_IS_SUPPORTED) { 514 wipe_block_device(fd, info.len); 515 } 516 517 write_ext4_image(fd, gzip, sparse, crc); 518 519 sparse_file_destroy(ext4_sparse_file); 520 ext4_sparse_file = NULL; 521 522 free(directory); 523 524 return 0; 525 } 526
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